Types of Matrix
1. Square Matrix
A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns.
Example
2. Diagonal Matrix
A diagonal matrix is a square matrix in which all the elements outside the main diagonal are zero.
Example
3. Identity Matrix
An identity matrix is a diagonal matrix in which all the diagonal elements are equal to 1s. Generally denoted by
Example
4. Zero Matrix
A zero matrix or null matrix is a matrix in which all the elements are zero.
Example
5. Symmetric Matrix
A symmetric matrix is a square matrix that is equal to its transpose.
Example
6. Triangular Matrix
A triangular matrix can be either upper triangular or lower triangular.
6.1 Upper Triangular Matrix
An upper triangular matrix has all the elements below the main diagonal equal to zero.
Example
6.2 Lower Triangular Matrix
A lower triangular matrix has all the elements above the main diagonal equal to zero.
Example
7. Orthogonal Matrix
An orthogonal matrix is a square matrix whose rows and columns are orthonormal vectors.
It satisfies the condition:
Example
8. Skew-Symmetric Matrix
A skew-symmetric matrix is a square matrix that is equal to the negative of its transpose.
Example
9. Row Matrix
A row matrix or row vector has only one row.
Example
10. Column Matrix
A column matrix or column vector has only one column.
Example
11. Rectangular Matrix
A rectangular matrix is a matrix with a different number of rows and columns.
Example
12. Block Matrix
A block matrix is a matrix partitioned into smaller matrices called blocks.
where ( A, B, C, ) and ( D ) are matrices.
Example
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